Workers' compensation insurance provides benefits to employees who are injured or become ill as a result of their job. It covers medical bills, lost wages, rehabilitation costs, and death benefits.
19 steps across 5 sections
1. Monopolistic (State-Fund-Only) States
- North Dakota — Workforce Safety & Insurance
- Ohio — Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation
- Washington — Washington State Department of Labor & Industries
- Wyoming — Wyoming Workers' Safety and Compensation Division
2. Average Costs
- National average: approximately $1.19 per $100 of payroll (varies significantly)
- Low-risk office work: $0.15 - $0.40 per $100
- Moderate-risk retail/service: $0.50 - $2.00 per $100
- High-risk construction: $5.00 - $40.00+ per $100
- Annual cost for small business: typically $500 - $5,000/year for small, low-risk businesses
3. Private Insurance
- Available in 46 states (all except the 4 monopolistic states)
- Shop through insurance agents/brokers, directly from carriers, or online
- Major carriers: The Hartford, Travelers, AmTrust, EMPLOYERS, biBERK, State Farm
4. State Funds
- Monopolistic states (ND, OH, WA, WY): must purchase through the state fund
- Competitive state funds: states like CA, CO, NY, PA offer a state fund as one option alongside private carriers
- State funds are often the insurer of last resort for high-risk employers
5. Self-Insurance
- Large employers can apply to self-insure in most states
- Requires financial qualification and approval from the state
- Must post a surety bond or other security
- Not practical for small businesses
Sources
- Workers' Compensation Laws by State -- The Hartford
- Workers' Compensation Insurance Requirements by State 2026 -- Legal ASAP
- Workers' Compensation Laws and Requirements by State -- Insureon
- Workers' Compensation Insurance Requirements by State -- Embroker
- Workers' Compensation Requirements by State 2026 -- OnPay
- Workers' Compensation Laws by State 2026 -- ConsumerShield